How to extract longitudes and latitudes from a geometry column with points within a GeoPandas DataFrame ?

Introduction

One common task when working with geospatial data is extracting coordinates from point geometry columns in GeoPandas DataFrames. This can be useful for plotting points on a map or performing spatial analysis.

In this tutorial, we will explore different methods for extracting longitudes and latitudes from point geometry columns in GeoPandas DataFrames.

Creating a GeoPandas DataFrame

In this section, we will explore the steps involved in creating a basic GeoDataFrame using the provided 'data' dictionary. To begin, we can conveniently store our data into a pandas DataFrame:

import pandas as pd

data = {'city_name':['Paris','London','Moscow', 'Istanbul'],
       'longitude':[2.3522,-0.1276,37.6173,28.9784],
       'latitude':[48.8566,51.5072,55.7558,41.0082]}

df = pd.DataFrame(data)

and convert this pandas DataFrame into a GeoDataFrame:

import geopandas

gdf = geopandas.GeoDataFrame(
    df, 
    geometry=geopandas.points_from_xy(df.longitude, df.latitude), 
    crs="EPSG:4326"
)

This will give us the following output:

  city_name  longitude  latitude                   geometry
0     Paris     2.3522   48.8566   POINT (2.35220 48.85660)
1    London    -0.1276   51.5072  POINT (-0.12760 51.50720)
2    Moscow    37.6173   55.7558  POINT (37.61730 55.75580)
3  Istanbul    28.9784   41.0082  POINT (28.97840 41.00820)

Extracting longitude and latitude values

To begin, we can examine the geometry type for each row using the following method:

gdf['geometry'].geom_type

Executing this will provide us with the resulting output:

0    Point
1    Point
2    Point
3    Point
dtype: object

Extracting longitudes and latitudes using the .x and .y methods

To extract the longitudes from the geometry columns that contain only points, you can use the following code

gdf['geometry'].x

0     2.3522
1    -0.1276
2    37.6173
3    28.9784
dtype: float64

To extract the latitudes from the geometry columns that contain only points, you can use the following code:

gdf['geometry'].y

0    48.8566
1    51.5072
2    55.7558
3    41.0082

If you want to create a new column in your DataFrame with longitude and latitude values, you can use the following code:

gdf['longitude_x'] = gdf['geometry'].x
gdf['latitude_y'] = gdf['geometry'].y

Executing this will provide us with the resulting output:

  city_name  longitude  latitude                   geometry  longitude_x  \
0     Paris     2.3522   48.8566   POINT (2.35220 48.85660)       2.3522   
1    London    -0.1276   51.5072  POINT (-0.12760 51.50720)      -0.1276   
2    Moscow    37.6173   55.7558  POINT (37.61730 55.75580)      37.6173   
3  Istanbul    28.9784   41.0082  POINT (28.97840 41.00820)      28.9784

   latitude_y  
0     48.8566  
1     51.5072  
2     55.7558  
3     41.0082

References